Most types of vision correction surgery work by either reshaping the cornea, the clear front part of the eye, so when light travels through it, it is properly focused onto the retina located in the back of the eye, or replacing the eye’s natural lens. There are a number of different types of vision correction surgeries to improve vision. In recent years, huge strides have been made in this field, and most patients report better vision than they ever had before.
LASIK：激光原位角膜肌 - 最著名的视力矫正手术。LASIK用于纠正近视，远视和/或具有散光的人的视力，通过重塑下面的角膜组织，以便它可以将光线适当地聚焦到眼睛和视网膜上。LASIK眼科手术与其他不同的不同之处在于，在角膜的外层中制成了皮瓣，因此可以进入下面的组织。
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PRK：使用激光纠正轻度至中度近视，远视和/或散光的光疗法角膜切除术，使用激光重塑角膜，从而在角膜表面上散发出凉爽的紫外光束，而不是在角膜皮瓣下面。
LASEK: Laser epithelial keratomileusis- Used to correct nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. This is a variant of PRK where an epithelial flap is created and then epithelial cells are loosened using an alcohol solution. A laser is used to reshape the cornea, then the flap is replaced and secured with a soft contact lens while it heals.
ALK: Automated lamellar keratoplasty- Used to correct vision in people with severe nearsightedness and slight degrees of farsightedness. LASIK basically replaced ALK, as a flap is created in the cornea so that the doctor can reach the underlying tissue then another incision is made on the sub layer of the cornea to reshape it.
RLE：折射镜头交换或清除透镜提取 - 用于纠正极端视力或近视。它类似于白内障手术，涉及在角膜边缘进行小切口，以去除眼睛的天然镜头，并用硅胶或塑料透镜代替。纠正散光的人可能是适合的，但是，除了RLE之外，有时还需要其他程序，例如PRK或Lasek。
EpiLasik: Similar to PRK, a very thin layer is separated from the cornea and then the cornea is reshaped. The thin layer may be left off or replaced. The area is protected with a soft contact lens while it heals.
PRELEX: Presbyopic lens exchange, PRELEX- Is a procedure in which a multifocal lens is implanted to correct presbyopia, a condition in which the eye’s lens loses its flexibility, making it difficult to focus on close objects.
Intacs: Intracorneal ring segments, ICR- This procedure involves making a small incision in the cornea and placing two crescent-shaped plastic rings at the outer edge or the cornea. The rings flatten the cornea, changing the way light rays focus on the retina. ICR was used to treat mild nearsightedness as well as nearsightedness but has been replaced by laser-based procedures. Irregular astigmatism associated with thinning and irregularity in the cornea, can sometimes benefit from this method.
Phakic intraocular lens implants- Designed for patients who are too nearsighted for LASIK and PRK, the phakic implant is inserted through a small incision at the edge of the cornea and attached to the iris inserted behind the pupil. This procedure differs from RLE in that the eye’s natural lens is left in place.
AK：敏锐的角膜切开术 - 这不是激光眼科手术，而是用于纠正散光的手术程序。具有散光的人的角膜形状像足球。AK眼科手术通过在角膜最陡的部分进行一两个切口来纠正散光。这些切口会导致角膜放松并取得更圆形的形状。该眼科手术可以单独使用，也可以与其他激光眼科手术（例如PRK，LASIK或RK）结合使用。
随着技术的迅速发展，在确定哪种视力校正手术适合您之前，探索所有选项和可能性非常重要。

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